Source Strengths of Primary Aerosols and Precursor Gases of Secondary Aerosols

The following tables are of data presented in Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, the first part of the Third Assessment Report (TAR) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It was first released for the 7th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Marrakech, Morocco, 29 October - 9 November 2001. As of September, 2002, the full text and graphics of the report may be found at http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/index.htm

Aerosol Precursor Gases

Annual source strengths for present day emissions of aerosol precursors
(Tg N, S or C /year).
 
Northern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere
Global
Range
NOx (as TgN/yr)
32
9
41
-

Fossil fuel
20
1.1
21
-

Aircraft
0.54
0.04
0.58
0.4-0.9

Biomass Burning
3.3
3.1
6.4
2-12

Soils
3.5
2.0
5.5
3-12

Agricultural Soils
-
-
2.2
0-4

Natural Soils
-
-
-
-

Lightning
4.4
2.6
7.0
2-12
NH3 (as TgN/yr)
41
13
54
40-70

Domestic animals
18
4.1
21.6
10-30

Agriculture
12
1.1
12.6
6-18

Human
2.3
0.3
2.6
1.3-3.9

Biomass burning
3.5
2.2
5.7
3-8

Fossil fuel and industry
0.29
0.01
0.3
0.1-0.5

Natural soils
1.4
1.1
2.4
1-10

Wild animals
0.10
0.02
0.1
0-1

Oceans
3.6
4.5
8.2
3-16
SO2 (as TgS/yr)
76
12
88
67-130

Fossil fuel and industry

68
8
76
60-100

Aircraft
0.06
0.004
0.06
0.03-1.0

Biomass burning
1.2
1.0
2.2
1-6

Volcanoes
6.3
3.0
9.3
6-20
DMS or H2S (as TgS/yr)
11.6
13.4
25.0
12-42

Oceans
11
13
24
13-36

Land biota and soils
0.6
0.4
1.0
0.4-5.6
Volatile organic emissions (as TgC/yr)
171
65
236
100-560

Anthropogenic
104
5
109
60-160

Terpenes
67
60
127
40-400

 

Sources of Primary Aerosols

Primary particle emissions for the year 2000 (Tg/yr).
Category
Northern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere
Global
Low
High
Organic Matter (0-2 µm)
-
-
-
-
-

Biomass Burning
28
26
54
45
80

Fossil Fuel
28
0.4
28
10
30
           
Biogenic Particles (>1µm)
-
-
56
0
90
           
Black Carbon (0-2 µm)
-
-
-
-
-

Biomass Burning
2.9
2.7
5.7
5
9

Fossil Fuel
6.5
0.1
6.6
6
8

Aircraft
0.005
0.0004
0.006
-
-
Sea Salt Aerosol
-
-
-
-
-

d <1 µm
23
31
54
18
100

d = 1-16 µm
1,420
1,870
3,290
1,000
6,000

Total
1,440
1,900
3,340
1,000
6,000
Mineral Dust (Soil)
         

d <1 µm
90
17
110
-
-

d = 1-2 µm
240
50
290
-
-

d = 2-20 µm
1,470
282
1,750
-
-

Total
1,800
349
2,150
1,000
3,000
Industrial Dust, etc. (> 1µm)
-
-
100
40
130